Description

Audio output is a tone similar to a clarinet, using a physical model developed from Perry Cook, but re-coded for Csound.

Syntax

ares wgclar kamp, kfreq, kstiff, iatt, idetk, kngain, kvibf, kvamp, ifn \
      [, iminfreq]

Initialization

iatt -- time in seconds to reach full blowing pressure. 0.1 seems to correspond to reasonable playing. A longer time gives a definite initial wind sound.

idetk -- time in seconds taken to stop blowing. 0.1 is a smooth ending

ifn -- table of shape of vibrato, usually a sine table, created by a function

iminfreq (optional) -- lowest frequency at which the instrument will play. If it is omitted it is taken to be the same as the initial kfreq. If iminfreq is negative, initialization will be skipped.

Performance

A note is played on a clarinet-like instrument, with the arguments as below.

kamp -- Amplitude of note.

kfreq -- Frequency of note played.

kstiff -- a stiffness parameter for the reed. Values should be negative, and about -0.3. The useful range is approximately -0.44 to -0.18.

kngain -- amplitude of the noise component, about 0 to 0.5

kvibf -- frequency of vibrato in Hertz. Suggested range is 0 to 12

kvamp -- amplitude of the vibrato

Examples

Here is an example of the wgclar opcode. It uses the file wgclar.csd.

<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
; Audio out   Audio in    No messages
-odac           -iadc     -d     ;;;RT audio I/O
; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
; -o wgclar.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

; Initialize the global variables.
sr = 44100
kr = 4410
ksmps = 10
nchnls = 1

; Instrument #1.
instr 1
  kamp init 31129.60
  kfreq = 440
  kstiff = -0.3
  iatt = 0.1
  idetk = 0.1
  kngain = 0.2
  kvibf = 5.735
  kvamp = 0.1
  ifn = 1

  a1 wgclar kamp, kfreq, kstiff, iatt, idetk, kngain, kvibf, kvamp, ifn

  out a1
endin


</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>

; Table #1, a sine wave.
f 1 0 16384 10 1

; Play Instrument #1 for one second.
i 1 0 1
e


</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

Credits

New in Csound version 3.47