integ — Modify a signal by integration.
iskip (optional) -- initial disposition of internal save space (see reson). The default value is 0.
integ and diff perform integration and differentiation on an input control signal or audio signal. Each is the converse of the other, and applying both will reconstruct the original signal. Since these units are special cases of low-pass and high-pass filters, they produce a scaled (and phase shifted) output that is frequency-dependent. Thus diff of a sine produces a cosine, with amplitude 2 * sin(pi * Hz / sr) that of the original (for each component partial); integ will inversely affect the magnitudes of its component inputs. With this understanding, these units can provide useful signal modification.
Here is an example of the integ opcode. It uses the file integ.csd.
Example 216. Example of the integ opcode.
See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.
<CsoundSynthesizer> <CsOptions> ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform ; Audio out Audio in No messages -odac -iadc -d ;;;RT audio I/O ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below: ; -o integ.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform </CsOptions> <CsInstruments> ; Initialize the global variables. sr = 44100 kr = 4410 ksmps = 10 nchnls = 1 ; Instrument #1 -- a differentiated signal. instr 1 ; Generate a band-limited pulse train. asrc buzz 20000, 440, 20, 1 ; Differentiate the signal. adiff diff asrc out adiff endin ; Instrument #2 -- a re-integrated signal. instr 2 ; Generate a band-limited pulse train. asrc buzz 20000, 440, 20, 1 ; Differentiate the signal. adiff diff asrc ; Re-integrate the previously differentiated signal. a1 integ adiff out a1 endin </CsInstruments> <CsScore> ; Table #1, a sine wave. f 1 0 16384 10 1 ; Play Instrument #1 for one second. i 1 0 1 ; Play Instrument #2 for one second. i 2 1 1 e </CsScore> </CsoundSynthesizer>