turnoff2
turnoff2 — Turn off instance(s) of other instruments at performance time.
Performance
kinsno -- instrument to be turned off (can be fractional) if zero or negative, no instrument is turned off
kmode -- sum of the following values:
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0, 1, or 2: turn off all instances (0), oldest only (1), or newest only (2)
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4: only turn off notes with exactly matching (fractional) instrument number, rather than ignoring fractional part
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8: only turn off notes with indefinite duration (p3 < 0 or MIDI)
krelease -- if non-zero, the turned off instances are allowed to release, otherwise are deactivated immediately (possibly resulting in clicks)
![[Note]](images/note.png)
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Note |
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As a rule of thumb, you should turn off instruments with a higher instrument number than the one where turnoff is called, as doing otherwise might cause initialization issues. |
Examples
The following example uses the turnoff2 opcode, s written by Lou Cohen..
Example 957. Example of the turnoff2 opcode.
See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.
<CsoundSynthesizer> <CsOptions> ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform -odac ;;;realtime audio out ;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below: ; -o sin.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform </CsOptions> <CsInstruments> sr = 48000 ;samples per second for sound kr = 4800 nchnls = 1 0dbfs = 32767 gisine ftgen 1, 0, 131073, 9, 1, 1, 0 ;single sine tone ;----------------------------------------- instr 2 ;start ktrigger init 0 if (ktrigger = 0) then kMultiple = 1.1 kHz = 440 kAmp = (0dbfs/10) ;startup four instances of instrument 200 event "i", 200, 0, 3000, kAmp, kHz kAmp = kAmp * 0.75 kHz = kHz * kMultiple event "i", 200, 0, 3000, kAmp, kHz kAmp = kAmp * 0.75 kHz = kHz * kMultiple event "i", 200, 0, 3000, kAmp, kHz kAmp = kAmp * 0.75 kHz = kHz * kMultiple event "i", 200, 0, 3000, kAmp, kHz kAmp = kAmp * 0.75 kHz = kHz * kMultiple ktrigger = 1 endif endin ;--------------------------------------------- instr 3 ;after 10 seconds, turn off the instruments ktrigger init 1 if (ktrigger==1) then turnoff2 200, 1, 1 ;turn off must recently started instrument instance kactive active 200 ;find out how many are still active printk2 kactive ;print mainly to show progress turnoff2 200, 0, 1 ;turn off all the rest of the instruments kactive active 200 ;find out how many are still active printk2 kactive, 10 ;print to show progress endif endin ;---------------------------------------------------- instr 200 ;play the tone kEnv linen 1, 0.1, p3, 0.1 ar oscil kEnv*p4, p5, 1 out ar print p4, p5 endin </CsInstruments> <CsScore> i2 0 0.1 i3 10 0.1 </CsScore> </CsoundSynthesizer>